| 1. | The symmetry multiplets in this case are the Landau levels which are infinitely degenerate.
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| 2. | In 1988, it was proposed that there was quantum Hall effect without Landau levels.
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| 3. | Each set of wave functions with the same value of is called a Landau level.
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| 4. | Then the occupation of each spin Landau level is just the ratio of fluxes =.
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| 5. | Semenoff emphasized the occurrence in a magnetic field of an electronic Landau level precisely at the Dirac point.
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| 6. | In a magnetic field, their spectrum has a Landau level with energy precisely at the Dirac point.
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| 7. | As the magnetic field is increased, more and more electrons can fit into a given Landau level.
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| 8. | In general, Landau levels are observed in electronic systems, where = 1 and = 1 / 2.
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| 9. | These oscillations arise from the quantization of the semiclassical cyclotron orbits of composite fermions into composite fermion Landau levels.
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| 10. | This term then fills in the separation in energy of the different Landau levels, blurring the effect of the quantization.
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